Effect of Dissolved Oxygen and Chemical Scarification on Andrographis paniculata Seed Germination in Macrobubble Conditions

Figure 5

Effect of seed germination parameter on different chemical scarification treatment in macrobubble condition that control (NC) is nonchemical treat, 200 ppm gibberellic acid (GA₃) for 30 min, sodium hypochlorite (NaHClO₃) for 30 min conc., 2% (v/v) sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) for 10 min, 150 mM potassium nitrate (KNO₃) for 30 min, 2% (w/v) potassium chlorite (KCl) for 10 min, 10% polyethylene glycol (PEG) for 24 h, and 25 mM sodium chloride (NaCl) for 24 h. (a) Germination percentage in a week (GPW), (b) germination percentage (GP), (c) germination energy (GE), (d) mean germination time (MGT), (e) germination index (GI), (f) germination rate index (GRI), (g) no. of seeding secondary roots(SSR), and (h) no. of seeding cotyledon (SC).

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