Evaluating Plant Leaf Tinctures against Maize Weevils (Sitophilus zeamais Motsch.) in Stored Maize (Zea mays L.) under Laboratory Conditions

Table 4

Percentage of grain damage treated with different plant tinctures at various concentrations.

Plant species	Concentration (mL)	Mean grain damage ± Std	% grain damage
B. antidysenterica	2.5	0.66 ± 0.57	3.33^b
	5	0.33 ± 0.57	1.65^b
	7.5	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00^d
C. papaya	2.5	1.00 ± 0.00	5.00^C
	5	0.66 ± 0.57	3.33^b
	7.5	0.33 ± 0.57	1.65^b
C. macrostachyus	2.5	1.33 ± 0.57	6.65^C
	5	1.00 ± 0.00	5.00^C
	7.5	0.66 ± 0.57	1.65^b
N. exaltata	2.5	1.33 ± 0.57	6.65^C
	5	1.00 ± 0.00	5.00^C
	7.5	0.33 ± 0.57	3.33^b
Control	0	14.33 ± 0.00	76.66^a

Each value is the mean ± standard deviation of three replicates. Means followed by the same letter in a column are not significantly different ( < 0.05).