Experimental Study of Torque Using a Small Scoop on the Lunar Surface

Figure 12

Influence of the gravel position on the excavation torque. The bulk density was loose, the penetration angle was 60 degrees, the rotating speed was 0.28 r/min, P0 contained no gravels, P12 contained one large gravel in the P1 area, and P23 contained one large gravel in the P2 area.