Intelligent Fault Diagnosis of Aeroengine Sensors Using Improved Pattern Gradient Spectrum Entropy

Table 2

Common sensor types, fault causes, and simulation methods.

Fault	Reason	Simulation method
Short-circuit	Pollution caused by bridge road erosion line short connection	Signal is close to 0.1
Open-circuit	Signal line is broken; chip pin is not connected	Signal approaches maximum
Spike	Random disturbance in power supply and ground wire, surge	Add a pulse signal to original signal
Bias	Bias current or bias voltage	Add a small constant or random signal to original signal
Drift	Temperature drift	Signal is offset by a certain rate
Periodic disturbance	50 Hz interference from power supply	Signal of a certain frequency superimposed on original signal