Dynamic Drag Reduction Effects of Aerospikes and Aerodisks

Figure 7

Instantaneous streamline (stained by Mach number) and wall pressure contour of forced-pitching oscillation. (a) Pitch angle 0°; phase angle 0°. (b) Pitch angle 7.7°; phase angle 22.5°. (c) Pitch angle 14.1°; phase angle 45°. (d) Pitch angle 18.5°; phase angle 67.5°. (e) Pitch angle 20°; phase angle 90°. (f) Pitch angle 18.5°; phase angle 112.5°. (g) Pitch angle 14.1°; phase angle 135°. (h) Pitch angle 7.7°; phase angle 157.5°. (i) Pitch angle 0°; phase angle 180°.

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