Aircraft Trajectory Prediction Based on Bayesian Optimised Temporal Convolutional Network–Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit Hybrid Neural Network

Table 2

Comparison of trajectory prediction errors.

	Hybrid model				Single model
	DSA-TCN-BiGRU	TCN-BiGRU	DSA- CNN-BiGRU	CNN-BiGRU	SATCN	TCN	BiGRU	GRU
	RMSE
Alt/(m)	20.14	28.29	52.72	85.12	39.83	59.52	191.42	425.20
Lat/(°)	0.004	0.008	0.032	0.056	0.020	0.031	0.088	0.185
Lon/(°)	0.009	0.014	0.023	0.063	0.025	0.032	0.068	0.079
	MAE
Alt/(m)	14.64	18.50	34.74	70.33	23.20	44.64	153.11	325.13
Lat/(°)	0.003	0.006	0.028	0.042	0.018	0.026	0.071	0.116
Lon/(°)	0.009	0.008	0.019	0.053	0.021	0.029	0.059	0.052