Research Article
Numerical Study of the Aerodynamics of a Hovering Hummingbird’s Wing with Dynamic Morphing
Table 3
A comparison of the wing parameters and simulation results.
| | An Amazilia hummingbird | A ruby-throated hummingbird | Difference |
| | Wing length | | | 35.5% | | Mean chord | | | 40.0% | | Wing area | | | 58.4% | | Stroke amplitude | | | -11.0% | | Frequency | | | -45.8% | | Average wingtip velocity | | | 1.19% | | Vertical force coefficient | 0.81 | 0.78 | 3.70% | | Power coefficient | 0.69 | 0.64 | 7.20% | | Aerodynamic efficiency | 1.17 | 1.77 | -51.28% |
|
|
