Ram Horn-Shaped Inspired Folded Compact Antenna for 4G LTE-A and WLAN Portable Mobile Applications

Table 2

Comparison of the ram horn-like folded antenna with recent works.

Ref	Size	Freq. (GHz)	Gain	Eff. (%)	Approach	Complexity
[6]	0.70 × 0.70	2.5/4.2/5.5/6.8	0.5–4.5 dBi^+	84/90/89/96	Meandering and DGS	High
[12]	0.50 × 0.52	2.4/3.5	2.25/0.88 (dBi)	76/85	Metamaterial	High
[13]	0.44 × 0.49	1.22/1.57/2.45/3.42	1.75/3/6/3(dBi)	73/63/86/57	Multiple slots	High
[15]	0.55 × 0.35	4.0	5.1 dBi	71.6	Metasurface	High
[23]	0.38 × 0.38	2.23/3.49/5.48/7.48	7.85 dBi	NR	Balloon and rectangular	High
[10]	0.41 × 0.19	2.5/5.4	2.23/3.48 dB	97.2/99.9	Semileaf shaped with slit	High
[26]	0.73 × 0.25	0.9/1.95/5.8	3.2/3.8/9.2dBi	67–95	Folded branch with slit	High
[32]	0.42 × 0.77	0.85/1.8/2.6	10 dB^#	60–90^+	Folded monopole with SRR	Medium
[33]	0.22 × 0.20	1.575/2.9/3.5/4.8/5.5	2.2/2.8/3.2/4.5/4.4 dBi	50/78/84/92/94	Loaded IFA with Via	High
[36]	0.38  × 0.42	2.48/3.49	2.4/3.5 (dB)	NR	Meandering, SSR, and CPW	High
[37]	0.95 × 0.95	3.39	4.15 dBic	87.32	R-DRA, aperture coupled	High
[38]	0.26 × 0.17	1.22/6.06	0.99/3.72 dBi	57/91.8	CRLH-TL and CPW	High
[39]	0.31 × 0.14	2.5/3.35/5.7	1.7/1.5/2.05	81.1/79.6/81.5	Multiple resonator	High
[40]	0.35 × 0.35	3.3/5.01/7.46/9.48	0.4/0.28/4.19/2.05	46.6/50.8/72.2/50.9	Metamaterial	High
[41]	0.42 × 0.49	3.59/5.53^+	3/3.6 dBi	93/87	C-SRR, H-CRR, and ACGP	Medium
[42]	0.96 × 0.56	1.45/2.45/3.85/5.13/5.8	2.7/4.8/4.1/2.5/4.2	NR	Window grille shape	High
This work	0.11 × 0.17	2.3/5.8	0.62/2.2dBi	93.67/99.87	Ram horn shaped, AMF, ground protruding stub	Medium

peak value; ⁺range; ^#diversity gain; ⁺extracted from the comparative table; NR, not reported; C-SRR, circular split ring resonator; H-CRR, hexagonal closed ring resonator; ACGP, asymmetric coplanar ground plane; CRLH-TL, composite right-/left-handed transmission line; R-DRA, rectangular-dielectric resonator antenna; SSR, square split ring; MTM, metamaterial; DGS, defected ground structure; CPW, coplanar waveguide.