Advancing 5G Connectivity: A Comprehensive Review of MIMO Antennas for 5G Applications

Table 1

Key differences between MIMO, Massive MIMO, and MU-MIMO with multibeam capability.

Features	MIMO	Massive MIMO	MU-MIMO with multibeam capability
Number of antennas	2 or more	Hundreds or more	4 or more
Spatial streams	2 or more	Dozens or more	Up to 8
Interference control	Limited	Good	Excellent
Beamforming	Basic	Yes	Yes
Deployment	Small cell	Large cell	Large cell
Signal range	Short	Long	Long
Spectral efficiency	Moderate	High	Very high
Power consumption	Moderate	High	High