A Ku Wideband Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antenna Array with Low Profile Crossed-Dipole Element

Table 2

Comparison of bandwidth and gains.

Ref	Center freq. (GHz)	Element		Array
		Type	|S11| BW (%)	Scale	Size (λ0^3)	|S11| BW (%)	Peak gain (dBic)	CP BW (%)
[6]	17	Dielectric resonator with SIW excited	40	2 × 2	4.13 × 3.57 × 1.45	37.6	13.2	37
[9]	11.7	Stacked dielectric resonator	33	2 × 2	2.79 × 2.0 × 0.3	25.1	15.1	24
[13]	12.7	Stacked patches	32	4 × 4	3.0 × 3.0 × 1.4	>27.9	17	27.9
[14]	10	Cavity-backed patches	17	2 × 2	3.7 × 3.7 × 0.11	21	13.2	18
[15]	13.3	3D M-probe	22.2	2 × 2	3.0 × 3.0 × 0.14	30	11.8	28.6
[19]	13	Waveguide	21	4 × 4	3.6 × 3.6 × 3	27	22	23
This work	14.6	Heart-shaped dipole	40	2 × 2	1.89 × 1.65 × 0.11	44	11.02	34.6

λ ₀ is free-space wavelength at central frequency.