Comprehensive Monitoring of Complex Industrial Processes with Multiple Characteristics

Table 4

Detection rates of 21 faults.

Fault no.	PCA		KPCA		ICA		PCA-ICA		Proposed
	T ^2	SPE	T ^2	SPE	I ^2	SPE	TI^2cs	SPEcs	BIC
1	0.992	0.991	0.997	0.993	0.997	0.997	0.994	0.992	0.995
2	0.985	0.979	0.985	0.985	0.986	0.986	0.986	0.978	0.988
3	0.009	0.007	0.027	0.070	0.162	0.176	0.17	0.212	0.336
4	0.493	0.941	0.975	0.977	0.775	0.873	0.401	0.991	1
5	0.275	0.294	0.378	0.496	1	1	0.352	0.425	0.724
6	0.992	1	0.998	1	1	1	0.992	0.998	1
7	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
8	0.976	0.976	0.983	0.984	0.969	0.974	0.977	0.974	0.978
9	0.137	0.182	0.187	0.225	0.112	0.132	0.175	0.2	0.282
10	0.334	0.341	0.501	0.697	0.749	0.762	0.594	0.702	0.895
11	0.592	0.796	0.327	0.205	0.372	0.229	0.403	0.772	0.924
12	0.975	0.982	0.983	0.982	0.997	0.997	0.992	0.965	0.995
13	0.944	0.952	0.959	0.959	0.954	0.955	0.953	0.95	0.962
14	1	0.988	0.999	0.996	1	0.999	0.973	0.997	1
15	0.171	0.247	0.228	0.289	0.041	0.152	0.174	0.224	0.302
16	0.592	0.273	0.275	0.535	0.802	0.348	0.682	0.734	0.928
17	0.752	0.893	0.937	0.942	0.862	0.894	0.785	0.952	0.979
18	0.896	0.914	0.913	0.917	0.893	0.896	0.91	0.918	0.930
19	0.175	0.293	0.179	0.394	0.598	0.374	0.397	0.654	0.984
20	0.335	0.598	0.547	0.635	0.758	0.733	0.736	0.742	0.872
21	0.482	0.599	0.489	0.562	0.695	0.647	0.682	0.704	0.825