Which Gating System Can Prevent Addiction to Online Games?

Table 1

Variable and indicator measurement.

Variable	Initial	Indicator
Chapter gate	CG 1	Locked feature
	CG 2	Story aspect
	CG 3	Story duration
	CG 4	Story completion
	CG 5	Story intensity
Stamina	ST 1	The system
	ST 2	Refill’s convenience
	ST 3	Stamina regeneration
	ST 4	Number of stamina
	ST 5	Gaming enjoyment
Time-gate	TG 1	Range between contents
	TG 2	The gist of contents
	TG 3	Content continuation
	TG 4	The system
	TG 5	Dead week range
Gacha	GC 1	Luck element
	GC 2	Finance capability
	GC 3	The prices
	GC 4	Gacha intensity
	GC 5	Gacha’s rate
Age	G 1	Respondent’s age
Domicile	G 2	Respondent’s domicile
Mastery	MAS 1	Leveling speed
	MAS 2	Resource gathering
	MAS 3	Rare items
	MAS 4	Self-popularity
	MAS 5	Character’s power
	MAS 6	Character’s role
	MAS 7	In-game formulation
	MAS 8	In-game rules
Relationship	REL 1	Communication
	REL 2	In-depth communication
	REL 3	Relationship
	REL 4	Community
	REL 5	Mutual cooperation
Education	EDU 1	News
	EDU 2	Teacher/parent’s role
	EDU 3	Education contents
Resource	RES 1	Internet
	RES 2	Device
	RES 3	Time to play
Addiction	ADD 1	Social life
	ADD 2	Job/education
	ADD 3	Sleep time
	ADD 4	Anxiety