The Impact of Pharmacist-Managed Service on Warfarin Therapy in Patients after Mechanical Valve Replacement
Table 1
Baseline characteristics of study groups.
Conventional group (n = 39)
PMWT group (n = 33)
value
Patient demographics
Male
26 (66.7)
27 (81.8)
0.146
Age (years)
47.4 ± 13.6
47.6 ± 13.4
0.914
Body weight (kg)
67.1 ± 16.2
68.9 ± 16.5
0.484
LVEF (%)
65.0 ± 11.6
56.7 ± 15.7
0.033
Serum creatinine >1.5 mg/dL
4 (10.3)
1 (3.0)
0.366
Total bilirubin >2.0 mg/dL
2 (5.1)
6 (18.2)
0.131
ALT >3 ULN
1 (2.6)
1 (3.0)
1.000
Diagnoses
Aortic valve regurgitation
20 (51.3)
18 (54.6)
0.782
Aortic valve stenosis
11 (28.2)
6 (18.2)
0.318
Mitral valve regurgitation
17 (43.6)
9 (27.3)
0.151
Mitral valve stenosis
5 (12.8)
2 (6.1)
0.442
Infective endocarditis
7 (18.0)
6 (18.2)
0.980
Types of operation
Primary cardiac surgery
32 (82.1)
28 (84.9)
0.751
Emergent surgery
10 (25.6)
3 (9.1)
0.069
Operation methods
Bentall procedure
7 (18.0)
10 (30.3)
0.219
Aortic valve replacement
14 (35.9)
13 (39.4)
0.760
Mitral valve replacement
12 (30.8)
9 (27.3)
0.745
Double valve replacement
6 (15.4)
1 (3.0)
0.116
Comorbidities
Hypertension
17 (43.6)
13 (39.4)
0.719
Vascular disease
9 (23.1)
7 (21.2)
0.850
Atrial fibrillation
6 (15.4)
5 (15.2)
0.978
Diabetes mellitus
6 (15.4)
3 (9.1)
0.494
History of ischemic stroke
1 (2.6)
1 (3.0)
1.000
End-stage renal disease
2 (5.1)
1 (3.0)
1.000
Drug-drug interactions
Any DDIs
18 (46.2)
18 (54.6)
0.478
Amiodarone
11 (28.2)
8 (24.2)
0.704
Antiplatelet agents
7 (18.0)
10 (30.3)
0.219
NSAIDs
2 (5.1)
7 (21.2)
0.070
Data are represented as the number of patients (%) or mean ± SD. Statistically significant (). ALT, alanine aminotransferase; DDIs, drug-drug interactions; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; NSAIDs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; SD, standard deviation; ULN, upper limit of normal; PMWT, pharmacist-managed warfarin therapy.
