The Relationship of Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide (PaCO₂) with Disease Severity Indicators Such as BODE and GOLD in Hospitalized COPD Patients

Table 5

Adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for BODE ≥ 5.

Variables	OR	95% CI
Model 1	1.146	1.047–1.253	0.003
Model 2	1.160	1.049–1.284	0.004
Model 3	1.160	1.025–1.313	0.019

Model 1 is univariate analysis. Model 2 is adjusted by age, sex, smoking status, and duration of disease. Model 3 is adjusted by age, sex, smoking status, duration of disease, and FEV₁/FVC.