Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in Children with Fractures: Before and during the COVID-19 Outbreak
Table 4
The serum 25(OH)D level of the patients according to season.
Group I (N = 334)
Group II (N = 210)
value∗
Group III (N = 97)
value†
Spring
0.392#
0.150#
Deficient
41 (66.1%)
31 (57.4%)
26 (83.9%)
Insufficient
18 (29.0%)
17 (31.5%)
5 (16.1%)
Sufficient
3 (4.8%)
6 (11.1%)
0 (0%)
Serum vit D
18.8 ± 7.7
21.3 ± 7.4
0.049
16.8 ± 4.1
0.161
Summer
<0.001#
0.915#
Deficient
49 (41.5%)
9 (14.1%)
13 (44.8%)
Insufficient
62 (52.5%)
46 (71.9%)
14 (48.3%)
Sufficient
7 (5.9%)
9 (14.1%)
2 (6.9%)
Serum vit D
22.1 ± 6.6
25.5 ± 5.7
0.001
21.1 ± 7.3
0.474
Autumn
<0.001#
0.755#
Deficient
46 (48.4%)
4 (12.5%)
11 (50.0%)
Insufficient
44 (46.3%)
25 (78.1%)
9 (40.9%)
Sufficient
5 (5.3%)
3 (9.4%)
2 (9.1%)
Serum vit D
20.2 ± 6.7
24.6 ± 6.4
0.001
19.7 ± 7.6
0.774
Winter
0.009#
0.165#
Deficient
41 (69.5%)
25 (41.7%)
14 (93.3%)
Insufficient
16 (27.1%)
30 (50.0%)
1 (6.7%)
Sufficient
2 (3.4%)
5 (8.3%)
0 (0%)
Serum vit D
17.5 ± 8.0
21.7 ± 7.2
0.001
15.1 ± 5.0
0.287
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation, or n (%). Deficient: serum 25(OH)D level <20 ng/mL, insufficient: serum 25(OH)D level from 20 to 32 ng/mL, and sufficient: serum 25(OH)D level ≥32 ng/mL. value: compared group I with group II, value: compared group I with group III, and value: calculated by the chi-square test.
