The Association between Energy-Adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index, Body Composition, and Anthropometric Indices in COVID-19-Infected Patients: A Case-Control Study in Shiraz, Iran

Table 3

Univariate and multivariate logistic model for odds of COVID-19 infection, COVID-19 case-control study nested within the Cohort Study of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS), 2017–2021.

Variables	Univariate model				Multivariate model
	OR	95% CI		value	OR	95% CI		value
		Lower	Upper			Lower	Upper
E-DII	2.67	2.18	3.27	≤0.001	2.86	2.30	3.55	≤0.001
Age	0.98	0.95	1.01	0.46
Weight	1.00	0.99	1.01	0.55
WHR	1.09	0.04	29.79	0.95
BFM	1.01	0.98	1.03	0.37
BMI	1.03	0.98	1.08	0.20	1.07	1.01	1.13	0.02
Gender
Male	Ref
Female	0.79	0.53	1.20	0.28
Educational level
Under diploma and diploma degree	Ref				—	—	—	—
Postdiploma and bachelor’s degree	0.28	0.12	0.66	0.003	0.15	0.05	0.40	≤0.001
Master’s and PhD degree	0.58	0.35	0.94	0.03	0.52	0.29	0.92	0.02
Smoking habits
No	Ref
Yes	1.25	0.69	2.26	0.45

Univariate and multivariate logistic models were used. OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; Ref: reference; E-DII: energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index; WHR: waist-to-hip circumference rate; BFM: body fat mass; BMI: body mass index.