Anticoagulation Control in Older Atrial Fibrillation Patients Receiving Vitamin K Antagonist Therapy for Stroke Prevention

Table 3

Major adverse clinical outcomes among patients receiving warfarin for stroke prevention in AF, overall and in patients aged ≥80 and < 80 years.

Outcomes, N (%)	Age ≥80, N = 205	Event rate/100 pt-yrs	Age <80, N = 786	Event rate/100 pt-yrs	value for proportions
≥1 MACE	64 (31.2)	8.4	265 (33.7)	7.4	0.55
Stroke/TIA/SE	12 (5.9)	1.4	38 (4.8)	0.9	0.68
Bleeding	21 (10.2)	2.4	57 (7.3)	1.3	0.16
Cardiovascular hospitalisation^‡	38 (18.5)	4.7	188 (23.9)	5.0	0.12
Death	8 (3.9)	0.9	15 (1.9)	0.3	0.15

MACE: major adverse clinical events, SE: systemic embolism, TIA: transient ischemic attack, yrs: years. Bleeding is combination of major bleed according to the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) and clinically relevant nonmajor bleed (CRNMB). ‡Cardiovascular hospitalisation: a hospitalisation with a cardiovascular cause: (i) heart failure, myocardial infarction, new angina, nonfatal cardiac arrest, ventricular arrhythmia, uncontrolled atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter, and supraventricular arrhythmia; (ii) valve surgery, coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG), percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) surgery, pacemaker/ICD insertion, carotid endarterectomy, peripheral angioplasty/surgery, and limb amputation and as recorded in the patient’s medical documents; DVT: deep vein thrombosis; major bleeding: ISTH major bleeding: fatal bleeding and/or symptomatic bleeding in a critical area or organ, such as intracranial, intraspinal, intraocular, retroperitoneal, intraarticular or pericardial or intramuscular with compartment syndrome and/or bleeding causing a fall in the haemoglobin level of 2 g/dL (1.24 mmol/L) or more or leading to transfusion of two or more units of whole blood or red cells; clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding (CRNMB): clinically overt bleeding not satisfying the criteria for major bleeding and that led to hospitalisation, physician medical or surgical treatment, or a change in antithrombotic therapy; PE: pulmonary embolism; SE: systemic embolism; TIA: transient ischemic attack; VTE: venous thromboemboli.