Hospital-Acquired Acute Kidney Injury in Noncritical Care Setting: Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes
Table 2
Baseline characteristics of study population at the time of AKI (n = 222).
Characteristics
All patients
Nephrology consultation†(n = 31)
No nephrology consultation (n = 191)
Age (mean (SD)) years
74.8 (15.8)
71.81 (16.8)
75.28 (15.66)
Median (IQR)
77 (68–86)
77 (58–86)
77 (69–86)
0.339
Gender
Male (N (%))
95 (42.8)
12 (38.7)
83 (43.5)
0.698
Hospitalisation
Medical specialty (N (%))
194 (87.4)
28 (90.3)
166 (86.9)
0.774
Surgical specialty (N (%))
28 (12.6)
3 (9.7)
25 (13.1)
Time of hospital admission to AKI (mean (SD)) days
2.5 (1.6)
2.5 (1.9)
2.5 (1.6)
Median (IQR)
2 (1–3)
2 (1–3)
2 (1–3)
0.695
Surgical procedures during hospitalisation
Yes (N (%))
36 (16.2)
4 (13)
32 (18)
0.566
Charlson’s comorbidity score (mean (SD))
3.82 (2.4)
3.1 (2.7)
3.9 (2.3)
Median (IQR)
4 (2–5)
3 (2–5)
4 (2–5)
0.322
Number of medical conditions (mean (SD))
7.2 (3.9)
7.3 (4.9)
7.1 (3.7)
Median (IQR)
7 (4–10)
7 (4–10)
7 (4–10)
0.742
Number of medications (mean (SD))
7 (4.4)
5.1 (4.2)
7.32 (4.4)
Median (IQR)
7 (4–10)
5 (1–8)
7 (4–11)
0.009
Risk factors for AKI (N (%))
Hypertension
164 (73.9)
23 (74.2)
141 (73.8)
1
Age >75 years
126 (56.8)
18 (58.1)
108 (56.5)
1
Nephrotoxic medications‡
120 (54.1)
16 (51.6)
104 (54.5)
0.847
Diabetes
90 (40.5)
9 (29)
81 (42.4)
0.174
Contrast
47 (21.2)
11 (35.5)
36 (18.8)
0.055
Preexisting kidney dysfunction
35 (15.8)
8 (25.8)
27 (14.1)
0.112
Renal artery stenosis
10 (4.5)
3 (9.7)
7 (3.7)
0.149
†Nephrology consultation also includes patients admitted under renal medicine specialty; ‡angiotensin agents, i.e., angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers, aminoglycosides, vancomycin, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
