Development and Validation of Nomograms to Assess Risk Factors and Overall Survival Prediction for Lung Metastasis in Young Patients with Osteosarcoma: A SEER-Based Study

Table 2

Univariate and multivariate logistic analyses of LM in osteosarcoma patients.

	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	OR	95% CI		OR	95% CI
Age, years
0–8	Reference
9–16	1.224	0.554–2.703	0.617
17–25	0.697	0.297–1.638	0.408
Race
Black	Reference
White	0.849	0.469–1.538	0.589
Other	0.795	0.312–2.025	0.630
Sex
Female	Reference
Male	1.049	0.658–1.672	0.842
Primary site
Lower limb	Reference
Upper limb	1.252	0.658–2.380	0.494
Other	0.565	0.191–1.672	0.302
Spine/pelvis	0.459	0.103–2.044	0.307
T
T1	Reference			Reference
T2	4.166	2.283–7.603	<0.001	3.871	2.052–7.300	<0.001
T3	11.067	2.876–42.583	<0.001	4.739	0.876–25.653	0.071
TX	38.733	7.380–203.290	<0.001	18.915	3.023–118.342	0.002
N
N0	Reference				Reference
N1	26.106	5.663–120.346	<0.001	15.855	2.932–85.742	0.001
NX	10.680	3.200–35.645	<0.001	9.123	2.440–34.107	0.001
Tumor size, mm
0–100	Reference
101–200	2.005	1.183–3.401	0.010
＞200	6.406	3.221–12.742	<0.001
Bone metastasis
No	Reference			Reference
Yes	18.889	5.256–67.887	<0.001	13.966	3.423–56.976	<0.001

OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; LM: lung metastasis.