The Impact of Optical Coherence Tomography in the Early Identification of Children with Sickle Cell Retinopathy
Table 1
General, clinical, laboratory, and ocular investigations among the studied children.
Variables
N = 15 (%)
Age (years)
Mean ± SD Min—Max
11.15 ± 1.29
8–14
Age at diagnosis (months)
Mean ± SD Min—Max
22.7 ± 9.07
9–38
Disease duration (years)
Mean ± SD Min—Max
9.26 ± 1.4
7–11.5
Gender
Male
9 (60.0)
Female
6 (40.0)
Simple blood transfusion
Present
12 (80.0)
Exchange transfusion
One time (suspected stroke)
1 (6.7)
One time (acute chest syndrome)
2 (13.3)
Hb (gm/dL) prior to study
Mean ± SD Min—Max
8.13 ± 1.01
6.9–10
Hb F (%) prior to study
Mean ± SD Min—Max
8.4 ± 3.66
4–18
Retics (%) prior to study
Mean ± SD Min—Max
9.3 ± 2.4
4–13
Neurological symptoms
Seizures (silent stroke)
1 (6.7)
Frequent headache
5 (33.3)
Ocular symptoms
Decreased visual acuity
4 (26.7)
Painful crisis
Frequent
6 (40.0)
Infrequent
6 (40.0)
Hydroxyurea therapy
Not compliant
5 (33.3)
Compliant
7 (46.7)
Fundus exam (n = 30)
Abnormal findings1
12 (40.0)
OCT (n = 30)
Macular thinning2
10 (33.3)
OCTA (n = 30)
Flow voids at the deep retinal capillary plexus3
10 (33.3)
Flow voids at the superficial retinal capillary plexus4
4 (13.3)
OCT: optical coherence tomography, OCTA: optical coherence tomography angiography. 1From a total of 30 eyes of 15 children, abnormal findings were detected in 12 eyes of 7 children. 2From a total of 30 eyes of 15 children, macular thinning was detected in 10 eyes of 7 children.3From a total of 30 eyes of 15 children, flow voids at the deep retinal capillary plexus were detected in 10 eyes of 7 children. 4From a total of 30 eyes of 15 children, flow voids at the superficial retinal capillary plexus were detected in 4 eyes of 3 children.
