Timeliness of Microbiology Test Result Reporting and Association with Outcomes of Adults Hospitalised with Unspecified Pneumonia: A Data Linkage Study

Table 5

Factors associated with hospital LOS and in-hospital mortality (multivariate analysis).

	Change in median LOS (hr)		In-hospital mortality
	Coefficient (95% CI)	-value	OR (95% CI)	-value
Time-to-first test results (for every 5 hrs increase)	3.9 (3.5–4.3)	≤0.001	1.01 (1–1.02)	0.122
Age (for every 10-year increase)	6.1 (3.8–8.3)	≤0.001	1.68 (1.46–1.94)	≤0.001
Source of referral
ED vs other	−24.1 (−39.5– (−8.7))	0.002	0.57 (0.33–0.98)	0.043
ICU/HDU admission
Yes vs no	26 (13.3–38.7)	≤0.001	4.16 (2.83–6.12)	≤0.001
Procedure conducted
Yes vs no	29 (18.1–40.1)	≤0.001	0.68 (0.39–1.17)	0.166
Charlson comorbidity index
0	Reference		Reference
1	−3.7 (−13.4–5.9)	0.445	1.21 (0.67–2.20)	0.529
2	2.1 (−8.1–12.3)	0.683	1.76 (1.01–3.06)	0.045
>2	21.9 (12.5–31.3)	≤0.001	3.61 (2.20–5.92)	≤0.001
DRG complexity
Major vs minor/intermediate	22.2 (14.1–30.4)	≤0.001	1.60 (1.05–2.45)	0.029
No. of tests ordered (for every 5 more tests)	48.3 (43.8–52.8)	≤0.001	1.25 (1.06–1.46)	0.007
Repeat microbiology test requested
Yes vs no	20.8 (13.6–28)	≤0.001	1.08 (0.79–1.46)	0.637
Blood culture ordered
Yes vs no	−15.4 (−23– (−7.8))	≤0.001	1.54 (1.08–2.19)	0.017
Respiratory PCR ordered			—	—
Yes vs no	4.2 (2.7–11.1)	0.235	—	—
Urine MCS ordered
Yes vs no	2.7 (−4.3–9.8)	0.445	1.36 (0.99–1.85)	0.055
Urine antigen test ordered
Yes vs no	−5.8 (−13.1–1.5)	0.120	0.79 (0.58–1.07)	0.129
Hospital
A	Reference		Reference
B	−5.2 (−14.8–4.4)	0.290	0.90 (0.60–1.35)	0.607
C	1.2 (−8.1–10.4)	0.806	0.85 (0.58–1.24)	0.393
D	−9.2 (−18.9–0.6)	0.066	0.85 (0.58–1.26)	0.417
E	−28.3 (−41.4– (−15.2))	≤0.001	0.38 (0.19–0.76)	0.006
F	−28.9 (−42.8– (−15))	≤0.001	0.65 (0.38–1.12)	0.118

LOS: length of stay. legionella/pneumococcal.