The Effect of Diabetes Management Shared Care Clinic on Glycated Hemoglobin A1c Compliance and Self-Management Abilities in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Table 1

Demographic and clinical characteristics at baseline.

Characteristics	Baseline data of total enrolled patients (n = 124)
Gender
Male	76 (61.29%)
Female	48 (38.51%)
Age (years)	54.57 ± 12.23
Marital status
Married	118 (95.16%)
Unmarried	6 (4.84%)
Highest level of education
Primary school	27 (21.77%)
Junior high school	49 (39.52%)
Senior high school	32 (25.81%)
Bachelor degree or above	16 (12.90%)
Smoking status
Smoking	20 (16.13%)
No smoking	104 (83.87%)
Duration of T2DM (years)	6.85 ± 7.21
BMI (kg/m^2)	24.34 ± 3.25
Overweight	35 (28.23%)
Obesity	13 (10.48%)
SBP (mmHg)	133.63 ± 18.67
DBP (mmHg)	82.05 ± 10.32
Application of glucose-lowering agents
No glucose-lowering agents	20 (16.13%)
Application of OADs^a	97 (78.23%)
One type of OADs	29 (23.39%)
Two types of OADs	49 (39.52%)
Three types of OADs	18 (14.52%)
Four types of OADs	1 (0.81%)
Application of insulin	48 (38.71%)
One type of insulins	42 (33.87%)
Two types of insulins	6 (4.84%)
Application of GLP-1RA	3 (2.42%)
Scheme of glucose-lowering agents
OAD(s) only	53 (42.74%)
Insulin only	7 (5.65%)
OAD(s) + insulin	41 (33.06%)
OAD(s) + GLP-1RA	3 (2.42%)

Note. ^aOADs include biguanides, sulfonylureas, meglitinides (glinides), dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, thiazolidinediones (TZDs), and α-glucosidase inhibitors. ^bInsulins include rapid-acting, short-acting, intermediate-acting (NPH), long-acting, and premixed insulin. OADs: oral antidiabetic drugs. GLP-1RA: glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist.