Prognosis of the Keratinizing Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Tongue Based on Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database

Table 2

Selected variables by multivariable cox regression analysis.

Variable	Multivariable analysis
	HR	95% CI	-value
Age of diagnosis	1.032	[1.026, 1.036]	≤ 0.001
Sex
Male	Reference
Female	0.886	[0.793, 0.990]	0.033
Race
White	Reference
Black	1.238	[1.021, 1.501]	0.030
Other	1.144	[0.953, 1.372]	0.148
Marital status
Married	Reference
Single	1.553	[1.357, 1.777]	≤ 0.001
Other	1.353	[1.194, 1.534]	≤ 0.001
Size
≤2	Reference
[2, 4]	1.346	[1.118, 1.620]	≤ 0.001
≥4	1.768	[1.486, 2.104]	≤ 0.001
AJCC stage
I	Reference
II	1.348	[1.058, 1.718]	0.015
III	1.379	[1.043, 1.823]	0.023
IV	1.586	[1.171, 2.148]	0.003
Combined summary stage
Localized	Reference
Regional	1.342	[1.082, 1.666]	0.007
Distant	1.951	[1.501, 2.536]	≤ 0.001
Surgery
Yes	Reference
No/unknown	1.150	[0.930, 1.422]	0.195
Radiotherapy
Yes	Reference
No/unknown	1.543	[1.240, 1.921]	≤ 0.001
Chemotherapy
Yes	Reference
No/unknown	1.111	[0.958, 1.288]	0.162
RX summ—scope reg LN sur
Yes	Reference
No/unknown	1.196	[1.043, 1.371]	0.010
RX summ—surg/rad seq
No radiation	Reference
Radiation prior to surgery	0.988	[0.605, 1.615]	0.964
Radiation after surgery	1.185	[0.957, 1.468]	0.117
Radiation before and after surgery	2.429	[1.468, 4.019]	≤ 0.001
Income
<$55,000	Reference
[$55,000, $75,000]	1.020	[0.890, 1.169]	0.773
>$75,000	0.945	[0.813, 1.100]	0.470

Notes.  < 0.05;  < 0.01;  ≤ 0.001, HR: hazard ratio, CI: confidence interval, RX summ—scope reg LN sur: regional lymph node dissection after surgery; RX summ—surg/rad seq: surgery and radiation sequence.