Research Article

Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors for Allergic Rhinitis in Children with Epistaxis

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of the patients.

VariableOverall (N = 80)Group
Allergic rhinitis group (N = 57)Nonallergic rhinitis (N = 23) value

Onset season0.029
 Spring7 (8.75)2 (3.51)5 (21.74)
 Summer25 (31.25)18 (31.58)7 (30.43)
 Autumn35 (43.75)29 (50.88)6 (26.09)
 Winter13 (16.25)8 (14.04)5 (21.74)
Gender0.623
 Girl28 (35.00)19 (33.33)9 (39.13)
 Boy52 (65.00)38 (66.67)14 (60.87)
Age (years)9.00 (6.00, 12.00)9.00 (6.00, 11.00)10.00 (7.00, 12.00)0.348
Number of allergen<0.001
 021 (26.25)0 (0.00)21 (91.30)
 129 (36.25)27 (47.37)2 (8.70)
 213 (16.25)13 (22.81)0 (0.00)
 312 (15.00)12 (21.05)0 (0.00)
 44 (5.00)4 (7.02)0 (0.00)
 51 (1.25)1 (1.75)0 (0.00)
Total IgE55.80 (22.42, 189.71)79.61 (35.93, 292.13)33.12 (14.80, 50.50)<0.001
Red blood cell4.65 (0.41)4.70 (0.43)4.53 (0.36)0.094
Hemoglobin13.00 (12.30, 14.00)12.90 (12.30, 14.10)13.00 (12.50, 13.60)0.678
Leukocyte6.96 (1.64)6.84 (1.65)7.27 (1.62)0.291
Blood platelet268.50 (236.00, 301.50)265.00 (239.00, 303.00)270.00 (232.00, 299.00)0.882
Nasal obstruction severity0.00 (0.00, 3.00)1.00 (0.00, 5.00)0.00 (0.00, 0.00)<0.001
Rhinorrhea severity1.00 (0.00, 4.00)2.00 (1.00, 5.00)0.00 (0.00, 0.00)<0.001
Sneezing severity1.00 (0.00, 4.00)2.00 (0.00, 5.00)0.00 (0.00, 1.00)<0.001
Nasal itching severity3.00 (2.00, 5.00)3.00 (2.00, 5.00)2.00 (0.00, 3.00)<0.001
Frequency of epistaxis0.774
 Once per month14 (17.50)9 (15.79)5 (21.74)
 Once per week37 (46.25)26 (45.61)11 (47.83)
 Several per week21 (26.25)17 (29.82)4 (17.39)
 Once per day6 (7.50)4 (7.02)2 (8.70)
 Several each day2 (2.50)1 (1.75)1 (4.35)
Duration of epistaxis0.664
 <1 minute51 (63.75)36 (63.16)15 (65.22)
 1–5 minutes27 (33.75)19 (33.33)8 (34.78)
 6–15 minutes2 (2.50)2 (3.51)0 (0.00)
Need for medical attention1.000
 No76 (95.00)54 (94.74)22 (95.65)
 Yes4 (5.00)3 (5.26)1 (4.35)
Anemia0.946
 No71 (88.75)50 (87.72)21 (91.30)
 Yes9 (11.25)7 (12.28)2 (8.70)
ESS score1.40 (1.00, 2.50)1.40 (1.00, 2.50)1.00 (1.00, 2.50)0.528
Family history0.738
 No57 (71.25)40 (70.18)17 (73.91)
 Yes23 (28.75)17 (29.82)6 (26.09)