The Prophylaxis Effect of Ephedrine on Hemodynamic Variation in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Surgery with Spinal Anesthesia

Table 1

Studied patients’ demographic data, size, and location of stones.

	Intervention group		Control group		value
	N = 60 patients		N = 60 patients
Gender (F/M)	Female	Male	Female	Male	0.752
	34	26	32	28
Age (year)	36.23 ± 11.31		35.17 ± 12.28		0.464
ASA classes I and II	Class I	Class II	Class I	Class II	0.226
	24	36	28	32
Stone side	Left kidney	Right kidney	Left kidney	Right kidney	0.829
	27	33	30	30
Size of kidney stone (mm)	31.15 ± 2.33		29.56 ± 3.12		0.437
BMI (kg/m^2)	26.12 ± 3.32		25.45 ± 3.56		0.516
Duration of surgery (min)	81.41 ± 7.11		83.12 ± 5.37		0.489

Values are presented as mean ± SD (standard deviation) or number. There were no significant differences between the two groups ().