The Prophylaxis Effect of Ephedrine on Hemodynamic Variation in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Surgery with Spinal Anesthesia

Table 3

Mean heart rate variation in both groups.

Time	Control group	Intervention group	P value
T0	74.43 ± 5.69	72.39 ± 6.81	0.213
T1	81.12 ± 4.35	78.42 ± 4.73	0.471
T2	75.82 ± 4.89	76.61 ± 5.38	0.181
T3	72.63 ± 5.76	81.47 ± 3.57	0.021
T4	70.22 ± 5.82	84.55 ± 5.79	0.001
T5	71.51 ± 6.86	85.92 ± 5.66	0.001
T6	70.68 ± 5.29	87.77 ± 4.96	0.032
T7	70.19 ± 4.47	85.82 ± 4.18	0.041
T8	72.95 ± 4.78	85.37 ± 3.25	0.025
T9	74.76 ± 6.52	84.66 ± 4.61	0.273
T10	75.49 ± 4.58	83.58 ± 5.49	0.128
T11	76.18 ± 5.63	81.65 ± 4.12	0.364
T12	77.32 ± 3.74	81.73 ± 3.59	0.251
T13	77.24 ± 3.67	83.48 ± 4.52	0.732
T14	80.25 ± 4.32	81.54 ± 3.97	0.164
T15	79.69 ± 5.83	82.59 ± 5.66	0.521
T16	76.83 ± 7.24	81.62 ± 4.56	0.247
T17	75.88 ± 6.31	80.47 ± 6.15	0.652
T18	77.32 ± 4.75	79.85 ± 6.54	0.284
T19	76.65 ± 4.68	81.87 ± 4.36	0.617
T20	79.41 ± 5.16	82.12 ± 3.26	0.359
T21	78.63 ± 4.11	83.53 ± 5.48	0.242
T22	78.33 ± 5.28	84.68 ± 5.41	0.583
T23	80.79 ± 6.33	84.51 ± 4.37	0.458
T24	81.54 ± 4.52	85.23 ± 3.39	0.475
T25	83.26 ± 4.35	86.74 ± 4.56	0.148
Tf	79.23 ± 4.83	82.78 ± 5.18	0.373

Values are presented as mean ± SD (standard deviation) or number. The time between T3 and T8 (P values) is bolded.