Mediterranean-Oriented Dietary Intervention Is Effective to Reduce Liver Steatosis in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Results from an Italian Clinical Trial
Table 4
Anthropometric values, laboratory findings, and scores at baseline (T0) and end of the intervention (T12) among NAFLD patients with regression of steatosis and in those with stable or worsening steatosis, according to liver US evaluation: means (SD) and ΔT0–T12 as means (SD) in the differences between the values at T0 and at T12.
NAFLD patients with regression of steatosis (n = 26)
NAFLD patients with stability or worsening of steatosis (n = 32)
T0
T12
ΔT0–T12
T0
T12
ΔT0–T12
BMI (kg/m2)
31 (7)
30 (7)
1.0 (1)
<0.001
32 (4)
31 (4)
0.8 (1)
<0.001
Waist circumference (cm)
104 (19)
103 (16)
1.2 (6)
0.17
105 (10)
105 (10)
0.6 (4)
0.57
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)
204 (25)
214 (37)
−9.6 (29)
0.12
210 (41)
209 (34)
1.6 (27)
0.95
HDL
54 (13)
58 (17)
−4.4 (9)
0.03
47 (10)
49 (10)
−2.2 (6)
0.10
LDL
124 (26)
130 (30)
−5.7 (23)
0.20
131 (35)
133 (29)
−2.1 (24)
0.60
Triglycerides (mg/dL)
141 (110)
121 (62)
20.1 (84)
0.56
162 (82)
133 (54)
28.2 (69)
0.04
Glycemia (mg/dL)
101 (23)
102 (26)
−1.3 (19)
0.40
96 (14)
96 (13)
0.1 (7)
0.93
Insulinemia (μU/mL)
10 (6)
10 (7)
0.5 (5)
0.22
21 (18)
16 (9)
4.0 (14)
0.32
AST (U/L)
21 (7)
21 (7)
0.0 (6)
0.87
23 (12)
23 (8)
0.4 (9)
0.68
ALT (U/L)
38 (18)
39 (21)
−1.2 (15)
0.75
45 (23)
41 (21)
4.0 (15)
0.14
HOMA-IR index
2.7 (2.6)
3.4 (4.1)
−0.7 (4.1)
0.48
5.0 (5.4)
3.8 (2.2)
1.2 (4.2)
0.35
Medscore
13 (4)
16 (4)
−3.3 (3.1)
<0.001
12 (3)
15 (3)
−3.1 (3.0)
<0.001
No statistically significant value for the comparison between ΔT0 and T12 among NAFLD patients with regression of steatosis vs. NAFLD patients with stability or worsening of steatosis (according to Wilcoxon nonparametric test for paired data). Mann–Whitney test.
