The Efficacy and Safety of Hyperthermic Intravesical Chemotherapy Compared with Other Instillation Methods in Treating Intermediate- and High-Risk Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Table 2
Study and patient characteristics.
Study (year)
Country of study
Study design
Recruitment period
Duration of follow-up (months)
Number of patients (HIVEC/standard instillations)
Age (HIVEC/standard instillations)
Sex (M/F)
Risk stratification (intermediate/high risk)
Agent for HIVEC
Agent for standard instillations
Statistical analysis
ITT analysis
Padilla 2020
Spain
RCT
2016-2017
24
14/27 (BCG)/15 (MMC)
Mean 74/76 (BCG)/69 (MMC)
49/7
0/41 (BCG) 15/27 (MMC)
MMC
BCG/MMC
ANCOVA
No
Thyavihally 2021
India
RCT
2017–2020
22
22/29
Mean 62/61
45/6
29/22
MMC
BCG
ANCOVA
Yes
Ramos 2022
Spain
RCT
2016–2021
33.7
25/25
Mean (SD) 74.1 (10.4)/73.0 (8.65)
43/7
1/49
MMC
BCG
ANCOVA
Yes
Tan 2022
UK
RCT
2014–2017
24
127/125
Mean 70/69
178/74
39/213
MMC
MMC
Kaplan−Meier
No
Guleria 2022
India
RCT
2019–2021
12
70/70
NA
NA
NA
MMC
BCG
ANCOVA
No
Angulo 2023
Spain
RCT
2014–2020
24
106/106
Mean 66/68
174/38
77/135
MMC
MMC
Kaplan−Meier
Yes
Ekin 2015
Turkey
Retrospective Cohort Study
2004/01–2014/01
33
40/142
Mean (SD) 68.2 (9.26)/64.0 (10.61)
167/15
65/117
MMC
BCG
Kaplan−Meier
No
Ba 2017
China
RCT
2006/12–2014/12
47
28/25
Mean (SD) 50.7 (1.9)/51.6 (2.3)
49/4
7/46
MMC
MMC
t-Test, Kaplan−Meier
No
Ruan 2021
China
RCT
2009–2015
63
182/182
Mean 117 (≤65) + 65 (>65)/108 (≤65) + 74 (>65)
290/74
220/144
MMC
MMC
ANCOVA
No
RCT, randomized controlled trial; ANCOVA, analysis of covariance; ITT, intention-to-treat; NA, not available.
