Does Regular Exercise without Weight Loss Reduce Insulin Resistance in Children and Adolescents?

Table 3

Resistance or combined exercise and insulin resistance (nonrandomized controlled trials).

References

Gender

Age

Treatment

BW; (kg)

BMI; (kg/m^2)

IS

Study; Duration

Protocol

ΔBW; (kg)

ΔBMI; (kg/m^2)

ΔIS; (%)

IS; Measure

Treuth et al. [46]

22 girls

7–10

Control (lean); exercise

29.1; 46.6

NA

NA; 315.9

5 mo

3 days/wk, 50% of 1RM; 2 sets, 12–15 reps, 7 exercises

2.9*; 4.0*

NA

NA; −8.2

Insulin AUC (OGTT); (pmol/L)

Bell et al. [47]

8 boys; 6 girls

12.7

Exercise

80.6

31.6

8.2

8 wk

3 days/wk, 60 min/session; Strength exercise (2 sets, 10 exercises, 55–65% of 1RM) + Aerobic exercise (cycling)

0.6

−0.4

22.2*

Euglycemic clamp; M(lbm) (mg/kg/min)

Van der Heijden et al. [53]

6 boys; 6 girls

15.5

Exercise

97.0

35.3

3.0

12 wk

2 times/wk, 60 min/session; 2-3 sets, 8–20 reps

2.6*

0.8*

24.0*

Hepatic insulin sensitivity index

BMI: body mass index; BW: body weight; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; IS: insulin sensitivity; OGTT: oral glucose tolerance test; RM: repetition maximum; Δ: Change score.
*Significantly different from baseline within each group (𝑃<0.05).
^†Significantly different from controls or other groups (𝑃<0.05).