The Association between Serum Uric Acid and Bone Mineral Density in Older Adults

Table 2

The association between serum uric acid (mg/dL) and lumbar bone mineral density (g/cm²).

	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
	β (95% CI) value	β (95% CI) value	β (95% CI) value
Serum uric acid (mg/dL)	0.030 (0.026, 0.034) <0.001	0.019 (0.015, 0.022) <0.001	0.010 (0.006, 0.014) <0.001
Serum uric acid categories
Q1 (1.5–4.5 mg/dL)	Reference	Reference	Reference
Q2 (4.6–5.4 mg/dL)	0.034 (0.019, 0.050) <0.001	0.014 (−0.001, 0.029) 0.065	−0.004 (−0.018, 0.011) 0.627
Q3 (5.5–6.4 mg/dL)	0.081 (0.066, 0.097) <0.001	0.045 (0.030, 0.060) <0.001	0.017 (0.003, 0.032) 0.021
Q4 (6.4–13.7 mg/dL)	0.107 (0.091, 0.122) <0.001	0.060 (0.045, 0.076) <0.001	0.023 (0.007, 0.039) 0.004
Subgroup analysis stratified by sex
Men	0.023 (0.017, 0.029) <0.001	0.021 (0.015, 0.027) <0.001	0.014 (0.008, 0.020) <0.001
Women	0.018 (0.014, 0.023) <0.001	0.019 (0.014, 0.023) <0.001	0.008 (0.003, 0.014) 0.001
Subgroup analysis stratified by race/ethnicity
Non-Hispanic white	0.030 (0.025, 0.035) <0.001	0.020 (0.015, 0.025) <0.001	0.012 (0.006, 0.017) <0.001
Non-Hispanic black	0.020 (0.011, 0.029) <0.001	0.014 (0.005, 0.023) 0.002	0.007 (−0.003, 0.017) 0.164
Mexican American	0.025 (0.017, 0.032) <0.001	0.011 (0.004, 0.019) 0.004	0.010 (0.001, 0.018) 0.023
Other race/ethnicity	0.024 (0.010, 0.038) 0.001	0.015 (0.001, 0.029) 0.039	0.011 (−0.004, 0.025) 0.186

Model 1: no covariates were adjusted. Model 2: age, sex, and race/ethnicity were adjusted. Model 3: age, sex, race/ethnicity, waist circumference, education, income poverty ratio, physical activity, smoking behavior, alcohol consumption, blood urea nitrogen, C-reactive protein, total protein, total cholesterol, serum phosphorus, serum calcium, and calcium supplementation use were adjusted. In the subgroup analysis stratified by sex and race/ethnicity, the model is not adjusted for sex and race/ethnicity, respectively.