Dietary Supplementation with Inulin Modulates the Gut Microbiota and Improves Insulin Sensitivity in Prediabetes

Table 1

Comparison with glucose and lipid metabolism parameters before and after inulin supplementation.

	M0	M3	M6	P1	P2
FBG (mmol/L)	5.98 ± 0.71	5.69 ± 0.64	5.78 ± 0.76	0.01	0.11
2-hour PBG (mmol/L)	8.13 ± 1.88	8.22 ± 2.19	7.97 ± 2.30	1	1
HbA1c (%)	5.73 ± 0.06	5.76 ± 0.56	5.78 ± 0.08	1	0.63
TG (mmol/L)	1.37 ± 0.10	1.29 ± 0.08	1.29 ± 0.11	0.62	0.37
HDL-c (mmol/L)	1.38 ± 0.04	1.41 ± 0.05	1.37 ± 0.05	1	1
TC (mmol/L)	4.93 ± 1.06	4.78 ± 0.98	4.69 ± 0.99	0.62	0.37
LDL-c (mmol/L)	3.08 ± 0.10	3.03 ± 0.13	3.09 ± 0.85	1	1
FINS (mU/L)	2.38 ± 0.50	—	2.22 ± 0.62	—	0.03
PINS (mU/L)	4.01 ± 0.77	—	3.74 ± 0.76	—	0.02
HOMA-IR	1.05 ± 0.53	—	0.85 ± 0.66	—	0.03
HOMA-B	4.51 ± 0.58	—	4.46 ± 0.66	—	0.37

Data are presented as mean ± SD. FBG, fasting blood glucose; 2PBG, 2-hour postload plasma glucose; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; TG, triacylglycerol; HDL-c, high-density lipoproteins; TC, total cholesterol; LDL-c, low-density lipoproteins; FINS, fasting plasma insulin; PINS, 2-hour postload plasma insulin. P1 : M0 vs. M3; P2 : M0 vs. M6. is highlighted in bold. M0, baseline; M3, at three months after inulin intervention; M6, at six months after inulin intervention.