Body Mass Index and Its Change from Adolescence to Adulthood Are Closely Related to the Risk of Adult Metabolic Syndrome in China

Table 3

Clinical characteristics of the subjects defined by BMI_b and ΔBMI after 5 years.

Characteristic	Group 1 n = 47	Group 2 n = 20	Group 3 n = 20	Group 4 n = 6
MetS (%)	2.12	10.0	10.0	83.3^✚	<0.001
BMIb (kg/m^2)	20.2 ± 1.86	20.13 ± 1.86	27.2 ± 3.12^✙	26.5 ± 3.13^✙	<0.001
ΔBMI (kg/m^2)	0.07 ± 1.28	4.12 ± 1.61	−1.75 ± 2.2^✙	3.48 ± 1.74	<0.001
BMIf (kg/m^2)	20.13 ± 0.28	24.25 ± 0.56	25.46 ± 0.67	29.99 ± 1.95^✙✚	<0.001
WC (cm)	77.38 ± 1.23	82.65 ± 1.82	89.95 ± 2.08^✙	92.33 ± 5.62^✙	<0.001
SBP (mmHg)	115.04 ± 1.67	115.94 ± 2.76	123.13 ± 2.71	129.8 ± 6.12^✙	0.009
DBP (mmHg)	78.62 ± 1.22	77.12 ± 2.10	80.13 ± 1.79	85 ± 3.78	0.264
TG (mmol/l)	0.95 (0.66, 1.13)	1.35 (0.09, 1.69)	1.25 (0.74, 1.46)	2.1 (1.69, 2.39)^✙✚	<0.001
HDL-C (mmol/l)	1.06 (0.94, 1.18)	0.92 (0.82, 0.99)	0.97 (0.83, 1.11)	1.00 (0.91, 1.16)	0.044
LDL-C (mmol/l)	1.97 (1.68, 2.23)	2.19 (1.81, 2.39)	2.26 (1.85, 2.76)	2.45 (2.12, 2.65)	0.025
FPG (mmol/l)	4.20 ± 0.07	4.28 ± 0.14	4.03 ± 0.15	4.12 ± 0.12	0.493
HbA1c (%)	5.23 (5.10, 5.40)	5.44 (5.3, 5.6)	5.17 (5.0, 5.3)	5.5 (5.2, 5.85)^✚	0.006
Uric acid (mmol/l)	295.3 ± 12.19	383.0 ± 23.39	397.1 ± 19.3	412.5 ± 42.7	<0.001
HOMA-IR	1.63 ± 0.07	1.87 ± 0.16	1.94 ± 0.2	2.76 ± 0.3^✙✚	0.001

A value <0.05 indicates statistical significance. BMI_f: the follow-up BMI; △BMI = BMI_f − BMI_b; compared with group 1; ^✙ compared with group 2; ^✚ compared with group 3. Group 1: BMI_b < 23.47 kg/m², ΔBMI < 1.95 kg/m²; Group 2: BMI_b < 23.47 kg/m², ΔBMI > 1.95 kg/m²; Group 3: BMI_b > 23.47 kg/m², ΔBMI < 1.95 kg/m²; Group 4: BMI_b > 23.47 kg/m², ΔBMI > 1.95 kg/m².