AMH Is a Good Predictor of Metabolic Risk in Women with PCOS: A Cross-Sectional Study

Table 1

General demographic and metabolic characteristics of the participants in the four quartiles of AMH.

	1st quartile (n = 115)	2nd quartile (n = 116)	3rd quartile (n = 116)	4th quartile (n = 114)
AMH	4.45 ± 0.97	7.43 ± 0.79	10.55 ± 1.09	15.26 ± 1.74	<0.05
Mean AFC	12.97 ± 2.69	14.55 ± 2.93	15.68 ± 3.07	17.30 ± 4.49	<0.05
Anthropometric parameters
Age	28.09 ± 3.96	27.53 ± 4.09	27.12 ± 3.96	27.00 ± 4.11	0.166
BMI	24.27 ± 5.30	23.28 ± 4.24	21.60 ± 3.36	20.54 ± 3.45	<0.05
SBP	108.56 ± 12.58	109.85 ± 13.19	106.64 ± 11.84	106.60 ± 11.25	0.12
DBP	73.75 ± 10.50	73.93 ± 9.89	71.96 ± 8.73	71.99 ± 20	0.21
WHR	85.64 ± 7.04	84.11 ± 7.31	81.72 ± 6.77	81.47 ± 6.98	<0.05
Lifestyle parameters
Smoker	45.5% (5)	18.2% (2)	27.3% (3)	9.1% (1)	0.354
Drinker	25.0% (13)	21.2% (11)	32.7% (17)	21.2% (11)	0.573
Exercise					0.064
Never	21.2% (46)	24.0% (52)	24.4% (53)	30.4% (66)
1–3 times/month	29.8% (25)	26.2% (22)	19.0% (16)	25.0% (21)
>1-2 times/week	27.4% (44)	26.3% (42)	29.4% (47)	16.9% (27)
Hormone parameters
FSH	5.71 ± 1.62	5.58 ± 1.46	5.75 ± 1.46	6.05 ± 1.67	0.144
LH	7.60 ± 4.79	9.00 ± 4.79	11.16 ± 5.56	12.91 ± 6.83	<0.05
E2	150.06 ± 55.82	159.87 ± 51.77	161.39 ± 61.53	169.52 ± 58.15	0.84
Prg	0.73 ± 0.49	0.81 ± 0.62	0.93 ± 0.62	0.77 ± 0.69	0.418
PRL	16.74 ± 10.13	17.22 ± 11.88	18.86 ± 11.79	16.26 ± 8.67	0.280
TT	1.17 ± 0.70	1.27 ± 0.66	1.66 ± 0.62	1.74 ± 0.78	<0.05
SHBG	62.65 ± 48.20	66.61 ± 52.45	70.07 ± 53.84	74.57 ± 60.94	0.38
FAI	3.56 ± 4.53	3.52 ± 3.24	3.61 ± 2.87	4.03 ± 4.19	0.725
TSH	1.85 ± 0.94	1.80 ± 0.95	2.01 ± 1.38	1.69 ± 0.84	0.139
Metabolic parameters
HOMA-IR	3.18 ± 3.09	2.41 ± 1.36	1.87 ± 1.14	1.75 ± 1.32	<0.05
Yes	41.0% (59)	32.6% (47)	16.0% (23)	10.4% (15)	<0.05
No	17.7% (56)	21.8% (69)	29.3% (93)	31.2% (99)
FINS	13.78 ± 11.93	10.81 ± 5.75	8.61 ± 4.81	8.02 ± 5.37	<0.05
1 h-PPI	125.68 ± 80.85	106.52 ± 66.22	96.64 ± 64.44	85.46 ± 61.64	<0.05
2 h-PPI	113.83 ± 84.93	89.84 ± 71.00	85.91 ± 66.37	71.96 ± 62.82	<0.05
3 h-PPI	49.26 ± 56.33	42.72 ± 46.52	33.13 ± 32.99	25.05 ± 31.47	<0.05
FPG	5.13 ± 1.64	4.95 ± 0.58	4.84 ± 0.73	4.81 ± 0.56	0.051
1 h-PPG	8.49 ± 2.24	8.36 ± 2.25	7.91 ± 2.21	7.99 ± 2.11	0.137
2 h-PPG	7.14 ± 2.23	6.69 ± 1.91	6.73 ± 4.62	6.28 ± 1.68	0.164
3 h-PPG	4.83 ± 1.52	4.70 ± 1.26	4.72 ± 1.13	4.74 ± 1.21	0.870
HDL-C	1.93 ± 0.97	1.91 ± 0.88	2.15 ± 0.88	2.03 ± 0.74	0.138
LDL-C	2.34 ± 1.06	2.46 ± 0.98	2.50 ± 1.03	2.48 ± 0.90	0.637
TC	4.58 ± 1.25	4.55 ± 0.80	4.58 ± 0.75	4.58 ± 0.76	0.787
TG	1.27 ± 0.74	1.30 ± 1.25	1.05 ± 0.57	1.22 ± 2.37	0.548

AMH, anti-Müllerian hormone; AFC, antral follicle count; BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; WHR, waist-hip ratio; FSH, follicle-stimulating hormone; LH, luteinizing hormone; E₂, estradiol; Prg, progesterone; PRL, prolactin; TT, total testosterone; SHBG, sex hormone-binding globulin; FAI, free androgen index; FINS, fasting insulin; PPI, postprandial insulin; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; PPG, postprandial glucose; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride.