Sex Difference in the Association of Osteoporosis and Osteopenia Prevalence in Patients with Adrenal Adenoma and Different Degrees of Cortisol Excess
Table 1
Clinical background and cortisol excess in patients with or without osteoporosis and osteopenia.
Total (n = 237)
With OS/OP (n = 112)
Without OS/OP (n = 125)
value
Age, yrs. (IQR)
56 (44–64)
57 (42–64)
55 (46–63)
0.494
Female, n (%)
182 (76.8)
99 (88.4)
83 (66.4)
<0.001
Cushingoid features, n (%)
96 (40.5)
62 (55.4)
34 (27.2)
<0.001
BMI, kg/m2 (IQR)
23.4 (21.4–26.7)
23.0 (20.8–26.0)
24.2 (22.1–27.2)
0.013
Unilateral adenoma, n (%)
203 (85.7)
97 (86.6)
106 (84.8)
0.346
Maximum tumor diameter, mm (IQR)
25 (21–30)
26 (21–31)
25 (20–29)
0.157
sCr, mg/dL (IQR)
0.63 (0.55–0.78)
0.63 (0.53–0.72)
0.64 (0.56–0.80)
0.742
eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 (IQR)
80.2 (65.5–95.4)
78.2 (64.7–96.3)
80.3 (65.9–90.7)
0.937
Ca, mg/dL (IQR)
9.1 (8.8–9.5)
9.1 (8.7–9.4)
9.2 (8.9–9.5)
0.098
TCH, mg/dL (IQR)
206 (178–231)
203 (176–235)
208 (179–229)
0.939
HDL-C, mg/dL (IQR)
59 (49–73)
60 (52–76)
59 (48–71)
0.465
LDL-C, mg/dL (IQR)
120 (100–146)
121 (95–148)
117 (100–140)
0.778
TG, mg/dL (IQR)
110 (81–152)
107 (80–151)
114 (83–154)
0.258
HbA1c, % (IQR)
5.8 (5.5–6.6)
5.9 (5.5–6.8)
5.8 (5.4–6.5)
0.796
PG, mg/dL (IQR)
92 (84–106)
90 (83–102)
97 (86–109)
0.068
Fragility fracture, n (%)
35 (14.8)
35 (31.3)
0 (0)
<0.001
Medication for osteoporosis, n (%)
25 (10.5)
25 (22.3)
0 (0)
<0.001
BMD lumbar spine YAM, % (IQR)
80 (70–95)
74 (68–81)
96 (91–105)
<0.001
BMD femoral neck YAM, % (IQR)
78 (71–89)
75 (68–79)
94 (86–100)
<0.001
BMD distal radius YAM, % (IQR)
93 (84–104)
93 (77–104)
97 (89–106)
0.934
Morning ACTH, pg/mL (IQR)
5.0 (2.0–9.0)
2.3 (1.0–5.0)
6.0 (3.8–11.8)
<0.001
Morning cortisol, µg/dL (IQR)
13.6 (10.4–17.4)
14.7 (11.2–18.9)
12.5 (9.9–16.1)
0.008
Night ACTH, pg/mL (IQR)
3.7 (1.0–5.0)
2.0 (1.0–5.0)
5.0 (2.0–6.0)
<0.001
Night cortisol, µg/dL (IQR)
10.6 (6.7–17.0)
14.1 (9.4–18.6)
7.8 (5.7–12.3)
<0.001
1 mg DST cortisol, µg/dL (IQR)
9.2 (5.0–16.6)
14.6 (7.4–19.4)
7.0 (3.9–12.3)
<0.001
1 mg DST cortisol >5.0 μg/dl, n (%)
176 (74.3)
97 (86.6)
79 (63.2)
<0.001
24-hour urinary cortisol, µg/day (IQR)
63 (35–177)
117 (42–295)
49 (30–94)
0.003
DHEA-S, µg/dL (IQR)
25 (14–63)
23 (12–43)
33 (16–74)
0.005
All values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. ACTH, adrenocorticotrophic hormone; BMI, body mass index; BMD, bone mineral density; DHEA-S, dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate; DST, overnight dexamethasone suppression test; IQR; interquartile range; OP; osteopenia; OS, osteoporosis; sCr; serum creatinine; YAM, young adult mean.
