Patients with Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases Have Higher Prevalence of Positive Antiphospholipid Antibodies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Characteristics of the included studies in this meta-analysis.

Authors	Year	Region	AITD type	AITD cases (n/N)	Positive rate of aPL (%) in AITD patients	Healthy controls (n/N)	Positive rate of aPL (%) in healthy controls	The type of aPL
Tektonidou et al. [6]	2004	Greece	AITD	7/168	4.2	0/75	0	ACL
Promberger et al. [7]	2017	Austria	HT	4/29	13.8	4/127	3.1	ACL and/or antiβ2-GP I antibody
Mecacci et al. [8]	1999	Italy	AITD	7/26	26.9	15/143	10.5	LAC or aCL
Marongiu et al. [9]	1991	Italy	GD	25/65	38.5	0/58	0	ACL
Kim et al. [10]	2010	USA	AITD	15/54	27.8	37/211	17.5	ACL
Diez et al. [11]	1993	Spain	GD (6/41), HT (5/28)	11/69	15.9	11/115	9.6	ACL
Abaci et al. [12]	2010	Turkey	HT	14/64	21.9	2/35	5.7	ACL

N: the number of individuals with positive aPL; N: the total number of individuals with AITD or healthy controls; AITD: autoimmune thyroid diseases; HT: Hashimoto’s thyroiditis; GD: Graves’ disease; aPL: antiphospholipid antibodies; aCL: anticardiolipin antibodies; LAC: lupus anticoagulant; anti-β2-GP I: anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibody.