Determinant Factor of Plant Species Diversity in the Organic Agriculture-Dominated System of Gedeo Zone, Southern Ethiopia

Table 5

Richness (s), Shannon (H′), and evenness (J) of total plant species across the agroecological zones and wealth status of farmer in the study area.

Parameters	Agroecological zone			Wealth class			Overall
	Highland	Midland	Lowland	Rich	Medium	Poor
Overall species richness (S)	8.75 ± 1.32	11.11 ± 1.53	11.11 ± 3.19	10.89 ± 3.28	10.56 ± 1.59	9.53 ± 1.92	10.32 ± 2.42
Sign	14.99			4.06
Overall Shannon index (H′)	1.94 ± 0.23	2.13 ± 0.21	2.11 ± 0.41	2.07 ± 0.40	2.07 ± 0.24	2.05 ± 0.25	2.06 ± 0.30
Sign	4.49			0.37 ns
Overall evenness (J)	0.90 ± 0.07	0.89 ± 0.06	0.89 ± 0.09	0.88 ± 0.07	0.88 ± 0.09	0.92 ± 0.05	0.89 ± 0.73
Sign	0.197 ns			2.69
Tree species richness (S)	1.31 ± 0.86b	2.53 ± 0.84ab	3.54 ± 1.67a	3.10 ± 2.02a	2.29 ± 1.11b	1.99 ± 0.90 b	3.01 ± 1.02
Sign	38.236			10.049
Tree Shannon index (H′)	0.68 ± 0.24b	0.89 ± 0.25 b	1.11 ± 0.39a	1.10 ± 0.45a	0.98 ± 0.24a	0.80 ± 0.23 b	0.96 ± 34
Sign	9.745			3.957
Tree evenness (J)	0.77 ± 0.20b	0.96 ± 0.06a	0.94 ± 0.07a	0.89 ± 0.15b	0.95 ± 0.07a	0.95 ± 0.08a	0.93 ± 0.11
Sign	21.045			13.615
Shrubs species richness (S)	1.99 ± 0.74b	2.82 ± 0.63a	2.14 ± 0.89ab	2.43 ± 0.79	2.31 ± 0.78	2.21 ± 0.95	2.69 ± 0.65
Sign	11.942			0.827 ns
Shrubs Shannon index (H′)	0.66 ± 0.11ab	0.58 ± 0.21b	0.71 ± 0.32a	0.60 ± 0.23	0.63 ± 0.25	0.73 ± 0.25	0.64 ± 0.24
Sign	2.675			2.2 ns
Shrubs evenness (J)	0.94 ± 0.07a	0.74 ± 0.15b	0.73 ± 0.23 b	0.74 ± 0.21b	0.78 ± 0.19b	0.89 ± 0.10a	0.79 ± 0.17
Sign	13.73			6.677
Herbaceous spp. richness (S)	5.33 ± 0.93	5.44 ± 1.42	5.22 ± 1.61	5.06 ± 1.51	5.53 ± 0.97	5.42 ± 1.46	5.38 ± 1.24
Sign	0.236 ns			1.167 ns
Herbaceous Shannon (H′)	1.50 ± 0.23	1.49 ± 0.31	1.44 ± 0.39	1.43 ± 0.38	1.49 ± 0.25	1.51 ± 0.29	1.48 ± 0.27
Sign	0.401 ns			0.675 ns
Herbaceous evenness (J)	0.90 ± 0.08	0.89 ± 0.09	0.89 ± 0.12	0.90 ± 0.09	0.88 ± 0.12	0.91 ± 0.07	0.90 ± 0.10
Sign	0.038 ns			0.921 ns

Source: own survey data, 2019. , , and mean significant at the 10%, 5%, and 1% probability levels, respectively. ns, not significant; ±SD.