Gas-to-Biochar Byproducts of Pyrolysis and Gasification of Star Anise Biomass

Table 1

Common mechanistic functions used in this study [22–24].

Reaction model	Code
Geometrical contraction
Contraction area	R2
Contraction volume	R3
Diffusion
One-dimension diffusion	D1
Two-dimension diffusion	D2
Three-dimension diffusion	D3
Four-dimension diffusion	D4
Nucleation
Avrami−Erofeyev ()	A1.5
Avrami−Erofeyev ()	A2
Avrami−Erofeyev ()	A3
Reaction order
First-order	F1
1.5-order	F1.5
Second-order	F2
2.5-order	F2.5
Third-order	F3
Nucleation
Power law	P2
Power law	P3
Power law	P4