Gas-to-Biochar Byproducts of Pyrolysis and Gasification of Star Anise Biomass

Table 4

The identification of compounds in the tar products of the ANI pyrolysis according to Py-GC/MS analysis.

Serial number	Retention time (min)	Identified compound	Peak area ratio (%)
1	1.325	Acetic acid, oxo-	10.2
2	1.386	Acetic acid, oxo-, methyl ester	8.94
3	1.539	Oxetane, 2,2-dimethyl-	3.29
4	1.648	1,3-Cyclopentadiene	0.66
5	1.706	Propanal, 2-methyl-	0.62
6	1.757	Methacrolein	0.72
7	1.833	2,3-Butanedione	1.84
8	1.889	Acetaldehyde, hydroxy-	4.9
9	2.067	L-Lactic acid	0.84
10	2.342	Acetic acid	7.29
11	2.496	2-Propanone, 1-hydroxy-	5.18
12	2.61	1-Pentene, 3-methyl-	0.85
13	2.686	2,3-Pentanedione	1.01
14	2.893	2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, 3-	0.61
15	3.68	Toluene	0.96
16	3.874	Propanoic acid, 2-oxo-, ethyl e	1.03
17	4.056	Succindialdehyde	0.72
18	4.228	2-Propanone, 1-hydroxy-	2.58
19	4.337	Carbonocyanidic acid, ethyl est	1.05
20	4.96	Furfural	0.83
21	5.477	2-Butanone	0.34
22	5.682	2,3-Dihydrooxazole, 2-t-butyl-4	1.69
23	5.978	Bicyclo[4.2.0]octa-1,3,5-triene	0.41
24	6.703	2(5H)-Furanone	0.55
25	6.989	6-Oxa-bicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-3-one	2.6
26	7.509	2-Cyclopenten-1-one, 3-methyl-	0.46
27	8.297	Carbamic acid, methyl-, phenyl	0.91
28	8.824	1,2-Cyclopentanedione, 3-methyl	0.86
29	9.787	Phenol, 2-methoxy-	0.4
30	10.072	Cyclopropyl carbinol	0.76
31	11.004	1,4-Dioxaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-one	0.68
32	11.525	Dodecanal	0.66
33	11.883	Propylene Carbonate	1.01
34	11.998	1,4:3,6-Dianhydro-.alpha.-d-glu	1.83
35	12.144	2,3-Anhydro-d-mannosan	0.66
36	12.453	Catechol	0.52
37	12.917	Estragole	0.91
38	13.411	2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol	0.81
39	13.763	1,3,2-Dioxaborolane, 2-ethyl-4-	0.51
40	14.415	2-Propanone, 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)	1.01
41	15.358	Phenol, 2-methoxy-4-(1-propenyl)	0.33
42	16.896	Hexanoic acid, phenyl ester	0.56
43	17.977	.beta.-D-glucopyranose, 1,6-anh	19.28
44	21.441	n-Hexadecanoic acid	1.2
45	23.273	cis-7-Hexadecenoic acid	3.05
46	23.43	Octadecanoic acid	0.54
47	23.642	Hexadecanamide	0.44
48	25.307	Palmitoleamide	0.88
49	28.759	13-Docosenamide, (Z)-	2.02