Analysis of Supercapacitors in Renewable Energy Systems for Managing Power Fluctuations

Table 1

Comparison of supercapacitors with conventional batteries [25].

Parameters	Lead-acid	Lithium-ion	Supercapacitor
Energy density (Wh/kg)	10-100	150-200	1-10
Power density (W/kg)	<1000	<2000	<10000
Life cycles	1000	5000	>500 000
	Data	Data	Data
Charge time	1-5 hours	0.5-3 hours	0.3-30 sec
Discharge time	0.3-3 hours	0.3-3 hours	0.3-30 sec
Charge-discharge efficiency	70-85%	99%	85-99%