Research Article

Comparative Evaluation of Liquid Cooling-Based Battery Thermal Management Systems: Fin Cooling, PCM Cooling, and Intercell Cooling

Table 5

Uncertainty analysis.

ParameterUnitValueOverall uncertainty

Measured parameter
Temperature ()°C41.9±0.5
Battery voltage ()V4.20±0.05
Open-circuit voltage ()V4.13±0.05
Current ()A11.15±0.12
Calculated parameter
Average temperature ()°C41.9±0.144
Irreversible heat ()W172.1±1.945
Reversible heat ()W-0.77±0.789
Total heat generation ()W171.3±2.09