Comparative Evaluation of Liquid Cooling-Based Battery Thermal Management Systems: Fin Cooling, PCM Cooling, and Intercell Cooling

Table 6

Initial and optimized values of the input parameters and their ranges with the progress of OAAO.

Step	V1 (mm)	V2 (mm)	V3 (mm)	V4 (mm)	V5 (mm)	H1 (mm)	H2 (mm)	H3 (mm)
Initial	25	25	105	25	17.5	20	25	20
1^st range	10-40	10-40	60-150	10-25	15-40	15-25	15-35	15-25
2^nd range	38-40	38.5-40	60-150	10-25	38-40	20-25	15-28	15-25
3^rd range	38-40	38.8-40	60-150	10-20	38-40	21-25	15-28	15-25
Optimal	39.25	39.08	60.69	12.79	39.83	22.89	24.17	16.02