A New Fast and Efficient MPPT Algorithm for Partially Shaded PV Systems Using a Hyperbolic Slime Mould Algorithm

Table 4

Overall comparison between the HSMA optimizer and other MPPT techniques.

MPPT algorithm	Tracking speed	Efficiency	Probability of LMPP stagnation under PSC	Fluctuations around the operating point	Fluctuations during the tracking phase	Computational complexity	Number of tuneable parameters
HSMA	Moderate	High	Low	Low	Low	Moderate	1 (convergence factor )
SMA	Slow	High	Moderate	Low	High	Moderate	2 (convergence factors )
PSO	Slow	High	Moderate	Low	High	Moderate	3 ()
GWO	Slow	High	Moderate	Low	High	Moderate	1 (convergence factor )
P&O	Fast	Low	High	High	Very Low	Low	1 (duty cycle perturbation)