Optimal Adaptive Fractional Order Integral Sliding Mode Controller-Energy Management Strategy for Electric Vehicles Based on Bald Eagle Search Algorithm

<table class="table-group" id="tab10"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="2"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left">Parameter</td><td class="align_center">Value</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="2"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Nominal voltage (V)</td><td class="align_center">2.7</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Capacity (F)</td><td class="align_center">350</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Power density (Wh/kg)</td><td class="align_center">4300</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Energy (Wh)</td><td class="align_center">5.062</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Volume (l)</td><td class="align_center">0.053</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Weight (kg)</td><td class="align_center">0.063</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="2"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<div>Characteristics of Maxwell technology 350/2.7 supercapacitor cell [<a href="/journals/ijer/2024/7844084/#B19" target="_blank">19</a>].</div>

International Journal of Energy Research

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Table 10

Table 10: Optimal Adaptive Fractional Order Integral Sliding Mode Controller-Energy Management Strategy for Electric Vehicles Based on Bald Eagle Search Algorithm 

Table 10 | Optimal Adaptive Fractional Order Integral Sliding Mode Controller-Energy Management Strategy for Electric Vehicles Based on Bald Eagle Search Algorithm 