Optimal Adaptive Fractional Order Integral Sliding Mode Controller-Energy Management Strategy for Electric Vehicles Based on Bald Eagle Search Algorithm

<table class="table-group" id="tab6"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="5"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left">Cycle drive</td><td class="align_center" colspan="4">UDDS</td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left">EMS</td><td class="align_center">C FO-SMC</td><td class="align_center">BES FO-SMC</td><td class="align_center">FOPI</td><td class="align_center">PI</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="5"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">THD<sub>ibat</sub> (%)</td><td class="align_center">77.39</td><td class="align_center">10.49</td><td class="align_center">34.52</td><td class="align_center">46.08</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="5"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<div>Battery current total harmonic distortion.</div>

International Journal of Energy Research

tab6

Table 6

Table 6: Optimal Adaptive Fractional Order Integral Sliding Mode Controller-Energy Management Strategy for Electric Vehicles Based on Bald Eagle Search Algorithm 

Table 6 | Optimal Adaptive Fractional Order Integral Sliding Mode Controller-Energy Management Strategy for Electric Vehicles Based on Bald Eagle Search Algorithm 