Optimal Adaptive Fractional Order Integral Sliding Mode Controller-Energy Management Strategy for Electric Vehicles Based on Bald Eagle Search Algorithm

Table 8

Vehicle parameters.

Parameter	Value
Mass of vehicle (kg)	1150
Transmission ratio	10
Aerodynamic drag coefficient	0.32
Tire rolling resistance coefficient	0.015
Rotational inertia	1.1
Vehicle frontal area (m^2)	2.5
Air density (kg/m^3)	1.28
Wheel radius (m)	0.33
Earth gravity (m/s^2)	9.81