Cascaded Fractional-Order Controller-Based Load Frequency Regulation for Diverse Multigeneration Sources Incorporated with Nuclear Power Plant

Table 6

Comparison performance for case 1.

Transient parameters	Variation in areas	PSO	FA	GWO	JSO	SGO	WCA [52]
Time settling		4.01	3.29	2.83	2.34	2.22	12.27
		11.93	3.23	2.64	2.90	1.52	29.46
		12.11	3.66	3.83	3.07	2.81	30.50
Overshoot		0.001632	0.000076	0.000123	0.0004376	0.0002347	0.00280
		0.001890	0.001949	0.000725	0.0003407	0.0002201	0.00110
		0.006044	0.001949	0.001710	0.0003834	0.0003508	0.0007
Undershoot		-0.010480	-0.00601	-0.00654	-0.0008692	-0.000615	-0.0109
		-0.010240	-0.01022	-0.00803	-0.0093020	-0.000268	-0.0035
		-0.013700	-0.01022	-0.01049	-0.009516	-0.009405	-0.0022