Review of the Mechanistic and Structural Assessment of Binders in Electrodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Figure 18

XPS spectra of a composite electrode with various polymer binders added: (a) Si 2p3/2 of PVDF composite, (b) Si 2p3/2, (c) O 1s, and (d) C 1s of PAA composite, respectively [201].

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)