Soil Properties Mediated by Topography Influence Carbon Stocks in a Teak Plantation in the Deciduous Forest Zone of Ghana

Table 4

Variations in soil nutrients under a 7-year-old teak plantation at different elevations. The values are means and their associated standard error.

Parameters	Valley	Mid-slope	Summit
Nitrogen (%)	0.063 ± 0.02^a	0.129 ± 0.02^b	0.142 ± 0.01^b
pH (H2O)	6.14 ± 0.17^a	5.36 ± 0.13^b	5.65 ± 0.23^b
Phosphorus (mg/kg)	2.17 ± 0.27^a	1.96 ± 0.27^a	1.80 ± 0.31^a
Potassium (cmol/kg)	0.20 ± 0.04^a	0.29 ± 0.05^b	0.25 ± 0.03^b
Sodium (cmol/kg)	0.28 ± 0.02^a	0.30 ± 0.02^a	0.16 ± 0.04^b
Calcium (cmol/kg)	4.28 ± 0.26^a	3.79 ± 0.47^a	4.67 ± 0.81^a
Magnesium (Cmol/kg)	2.79 ± 0.47^a	2.16 ± 0.40^a	1.51 ± 0.58^a,b
Aluminium (Cmol/kg)	0.71 ± 0.11^a	1.30 ± 0.14^b	0.69 ± 0.09^a
Hydrogen (cmol/kg)	0.66 ± 0.06^a	1.01 ± 0.11^b	0.48 ± 0.09^a
CEC (cmol/kg)	8.92 ± 0.51^a	8.85 ± 0.86^a	7.76 ± 1.28^a
C : N	30 : 1	17 : 1	15 : 1
N : P	34 : 1	14 : 1	13 : 1
SOC (%); Sand (%); Silt (%); Clay (%)	1.86 ± 0.15^a; 66.51 ± 4.85^a; 23.15 ± 4.85^a; 10.35 ± 2.39^a	2.44 ± 0.39^a; 71.19 ± 37.4^a; 14.53 ± 1.35^b; 14.26 ± 2.95	2.16 ± 0.35^a; 77.86 ± 3.55^b; 13.18 ± 2.38^b; 9.99 ± 2.95^a

Note. The same superscript means no significant difference while the different superscript implies statistical significance between the three elevations.