Research Article

Optimization of Lactic Acid Production from Pineapple By-Products and an Inexpensive Nitrogen Source Using Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strain 4O8

Table 2

Definitive plan design (real and coded values) with the respective results.

No.Independent variablesLactic acid (g/l)
Experimental valuesPredicted values

10.6 (1)0.025 (0)45 (1)0 (-1)0.8 (1)0 (-1)0 (-1)500 (1)1.11 ± 0.011.11
20 (-1)0 (-1)45 (1)0 (-1)0 (-1)0.8 (1)30 (0)500 (1)1.11 ± 0.001.05
30.6 (1)0 (-1)30 (-1)0.05 (1)0.4 (0)0.8 (1)0 (-1)500 (1)9.41 ± 0.009.59
40.6 (1)0 (-1)45 (1)0.05 (1)0 (-1)0 (-1)60 (0)300 (0)1.13 ± 0.001.39
50.3 (0)0.025 (0)37.5 (0)0.025 (0)0.4 (0)0.4 (0)30 (0)300 (0)11.79 ± 0.0010.71
60 (-1)0 (-1)45 (1)0.05 (1)0.8 (1)0.4 (0)0 (-1)100 (-1)0.90 ± 0.050.95
70 (-1)0.05 (1)30 (-1)0 (-1)0.8 (1)0.8 (1)0 (-1)300 (0)5.49 ± 0.014.79
80 (-1)0 (-1)30 (-1)0.025 (0)0.8 (1)0 (-1)60 (1)500 (1)12.94 ± 0.0213.65
90.6 (1)0 (-1)37.5 (0)0 (-1)0.8 (1)0.8 (1)60 (1)100 (-1)11.48 ± 0.0312.19
100.6 (1)0.05 (1)30 (-1)0 (-1)0 (-1)0.4 (0)60 (1)500 (1)15.41 ± 0.0514.96
110 (-1)0.05 (1)45 (1)0 (-1)0.4 (0)0 (-1)60 (1)100 (-1)0.35 ± 0.020.025
120.6 (1)0.05 (1)45 (1)0.025 (0)0 (-1)0.8 (1)0 (-1)100 (-1)0.47 ± 0.020.54
130.3 (0)0.05 (1)45 (1)0.05 (1)0.8 (1)0.8 (1)60 (1)500 (1)1.88 ± 0.031.88
140.3 (0)0 (-1)30 (-1)0 (-1)0 (-1)0 (-1)0 (-1)100 (-1)3.35 ± 0.034.31
150 (-1)0.025 (0)30 (-1)0.05 (1)0 (-1)0.8 (1)60 (1)100 (-1)11.36 ± 0.0011.37
160.6 (1)0.05 (1)30 (-1)0.05 (1)0.8 (1)0 (-1)30 (0)100 (-1)10.73 ± 0.029.99
170 (-1)0.05 (1)37.5 (0)0.05 (1)0 (-1)0 (-1)0 (-1)500 (1)10.58 ± 0.0210.94

(-1), (0), and (1) are coded levels.