Household ICT Utilization and Food Security Nexus in Nigeria

Table 5

Robustness estimates (outcome variable: food security).

Variable	All households	Male household	Female household	Urban household	Rural households
Constant	-1.0611	-0.9120	0.5837	-3.3638	-3.4033
	(2.6097)	(3.4872)	(6.1222)	(3.2302)	(2.8832)
	[0.684]	[0.7940]	[0.9240]	[0.2980]	[0.2380]
Productivity	1.4386	2.0087	0.8645	2.1954	1.02856
	(0.6045)	(0.8570)	(0.8835)	(1.1261)	(0.6885)
	[0.0170]	[0.0190]	[0.3280]	[0.0510]	[0.1350]
Labor hour	0.0806	-0.7981	0.8804	0.9283	0.0941
	(0.3398)	(0.5800)	(0.4486)	(0.5203)	(0.4051)
	[0.8120]	[0.1690]	[0.0500]	[0.0740]	[0.8160]
Labor wage	0.6236	0.4017	0.8683	0.2224	0.8172
	(0.2433)	(0.3485)	(0.3933)	(0.3640)	(0.3071)
	[0.0100]	[0.2490]	[0.0270]	[0.5410]	[0.0080]
ICT	-2.9587	0.6828	-10.3423		-2.4149
	(2.4082)	(2.4774)	(7.7746)		(2.4205)
	[0.2190]	[0.7830]	[0.1830]		[0.3180]
Safety nets/assistance	0.4248	1.2269	0.1008	-0.7311	0.3966
	(0.6089)	(0.9983)	(0.8579) [0.907]	(1.2252)	(0.6279)
	(0.4850]	[0.2190]		[0.5510]	[0.5280]
Household characteristics
Educational qualification	0.0803	0.0812	0.0999	-0.0223	0.0805
	(0.0289)	(0.0566)	(0.0399)	(0.0389]	(0.0327)
	[0.0050]	[0.1520]	[0.0120]	[0.5670]	[0.0140]
State	-0.0269	-0.0140	-0.0451	-0.0424	-0.0260
	(0.0115)	(0.0154)	(0.0174)	(0.0233)	(0.0130)
	[0.0190]	[0.3640]	[0.0100]	[0.0690]	[0.0470]
Sector	-0.5789	-0.0140	-0.5049
	(0.2636)	(0.0154)	(0.3961)
	[0.0280]	[0.3640]	[0.2020]
Age	-0.0153	-0.0223	-0.0142 (0.0107)	0.0117	-0.0211
	(0.0073	(0.0114)	[0.1850]	(0.0117)	(0.0086)
	[0.0370]	[0.0500]		[0.317]	[0.0140]
Sex/gender	-0.3155			-0.4898	-0.2562
	(0.2235)			(0.4171)	(0.25679)
	[0.1580]			[0.2400]	[0.3180]
Marital status	-0.0972	-0.1486	-0.0678	0.1110	-0.1450
	(0.0543)	(0.0884)	(0.0732)	(0.0975)	(0.0621)
	[0.0740]	[0.0930]	[0.3540]	[0.2550]	[0.0200]
Enumeration area	0.0803	-.0005	-0.0003	-0.0002	-0.0004
	(0.0289)	(0.0002)	(0.0003)	(0.0003)	(0.0002)
	[0.047]	(0.0290]	[0.2470]	[0.5280]	[0.0390]
Log likelihood	-238.1668	-119.2971	-110.88831	-73.9609	-181.6230
Observation	377	190	187	116	289
Probability	0.0000	0.0431	0.0067	0.3138	0.0021
Pseudo-R2	0.0841	0.0930	0.1350	0.0799	0.0812

Note: , , and represent statistical significance at 1%, 5%, and 10%, respectively; standard errors and values are in the parentheses () and [], respectively. Source: authors’ computations.